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Structure and Working Principle of Crawler Crane Parts
Nov 19,2024
Crawler cranes play a vital role in the construction crane industry and are indispensable equipment in modern engineering construction. Track shoes and bottom rollers are the main load-bearing parts of the heavy machinery, and their design and manufacturing quality directly affect the overall safety of the crane.
The walking device of the crawler crane adopts a crawler structure, which consists of sprocket, idler, track roller, top roller, track shoe and crawler frame. The power of the engine is transmitted to the driving wheel through the reduction mechanism, and then the traction force is transmitted to the ground through the crawler shoes meshing with it, so that the crane moves forward with the help of the ground reaction force.
The crawler is in direct contact with the ground, and the working environment is very harsh. It is in contact with soil, sand, cement and even steel plates, and is subjected to compression, bending and other stresses. Due to material and casting defects, the track shoe has become the most consumed and spare parts component in the crawler crane. Small-tonnage crawlers are generally open, and large-tonnage crawlers are mostly closed structures.
The form of track teeth varies according to the drive meshing method. There are two common drive methods: the first is that there are grooves on the sprocket, and the track teeth mesh with the grooves and move. This method is widely used; the second is that there are teeth on the drive wheel, and there are grooves at both ends of the track, and the track meshes with the wheels through the holes between the tracks and moves.
The working conditions of crawler cranes are complex. In some special lifting conditions or boom conditions, only part of the track rollers are stressed. Therefore, the arrangement of the lower rollers is sparse in the middle and dense at both ends. In order to meet the gradually increasing lifting weight, the number and structural parameters of the bottom rollers are increased accordingly. The track rollers are installed at the bottom of the crawler frame. When walking, they roll between the bottom surface of the crawler plate. The installation form is mostly open in small tonnage and closed in large tonnage.
Keyword:
crawler crane parts structure
crawler crane safety
lifting capacity
engineering crane
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